Treatment

Heatstroke

Choose a preferred language

Your body stays cool by sweating. This releases heat through your skin. But spending a long time in high temperatures can cause this cooling system to fail. When this happens, you stop sweating. Your body temperature may rise to very high levels. In severe cases, your brain and other vital organs may shut down. This is known as heatstroke.

Unless your body is cooled, death can occur in minutes. Heatstroke can happen in young athletes doing intense workouts outside in hot weather. This is called exertional heatstroke. It can happen to older adults or other vulnerable people who have no air conditioning during a heat wave. This is called nonexertional or classic heatstroke.


Symptoms of heatstroke

Symptoms include:

  • Confusion.

  • Fainting.

  • A body temperature of 104°F (40°C) or higher.

  • Hot, dry skin.

  • Nausea and vomiting.

  • A rapid heartbeat.

  • Quick, shallow breathing.

  • Loss of balance and coordination.

  • Seizures.

  • Flushed skin.


When to call 911

Man talking on phone.

Heatstroke is a medical emergency.

Call 911 right away.

While waiting for help, take immediate action to cool the overheated person:

  • Get the person away from the heat source and indoors or into shade.

  • Remove excess clothing. But don't delay the cooling process in order to remove all clothing or equipment. Start the cooling process first. Clothing and equipment can be removed after you start cooling the person.

  • Cool the person with whatever means available. Put them in an ice tub, a cool tub of water, or a cool shower (as long as the person's mouth and nose can be kept from being underwater). Or spray them with a garden hose, sponge them with cool water, or fan them while misting them with cool water. Or place ice packs or cold, wet towels on the person's head, neck, armpits, and groin. Change the towels and sheets when they're no longer cool.

  • Continue the cooling process until help arrives, or until the person starts to shiver.


What to expect in the ER

  • To cool the body, lukewarm water may be sprayed over the body, and large fans may be used to blow air over the damp skin. Ice packs wrapped in cloth may be put on the neck, armpits, and groin. Or the person may be put in an ice water bath.

  • I.V. fluids will likely be given. These help cool the body and replace fluids.

  • Blood and urine tests will likely be done. These can help find damage to organs, especially the kidneys.

Online Medical Reviewer: Daphne Pierce-Smith RN MSN

Online Medical Reviewer: Rajadurai Samnishanth Researcher

Online Medical Reviewer: Ronald Karlin MD

Date Last Reviewed: 06/01/2025

© 2000-2026 The StayWell Company, LLC. All rights reserved. This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical care. Always follow your healthcare professional's instructions.

Find a Provider

View Our Directory

Find a Location

View Our Practices
Related Articles
Read article
Urgent Care
Face Laceration: Stitches or Tape

A laceration is a cut through the skin. This will require stitches if it is deep. Minor cuts may be treated with surgical tape.

Read article
Urgent Care
Dog Bite

A dog bite can cause a wound deep enough to break the skin. Learn about caring for the wound and special concerns, such as rabies prevention.

Read article
Urgent Care
First Aid: Chemical Exposure

Some chemicals cause burns. Others may be absorbed through skin or lungs, causing hidden damage.

Read article
Urgent Care
Burn Emergencies

Electricity, chemicals, steam, very hot water, and fire can all cause serious burns. The care you receive for burns will depend on the type and severity of your injury. Many burns can be treated in an outpatient setting. If a burn needs inpatient treatment, it should be performed in a burn center. Very severe burns need treatment in a burn center.